Ipulasitiki eqinisiwe ye-Fiberglass isetshenziswa kabanzi ezicini ezahlukahlukene zomnotho wezwe ngenxa yokubunjwa kwayo okulula, ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu, kanye nezinto eziningi zokusetshenziswa.Ubuchwepheshe bokubeka i-fiberglass yezandla (ngemuva kwalokhu okubizwa ngokuthi ukuhlanganisa isandla) bunobuhle bokutshalwa kwezimali okuphansi, umjikelezo omfushane wokukhiqiza, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi, futhi bungakhiqiza imikhiqizo enobumo obuyinkimbinkimbi, ethatha isabelo esithile semakethe e-China.Kodwa-ke, ikhwalithi yangaphezulu yemikhiqizo ye-fiberglass ebekwe ngesandla e-China ayilungile okwamanje, okuthi ngokwezinga elithile ikhawulele ukukhuthazwa kwemikhiqizo ebekwe ngesandla.Abangaphakathi kwemboni benze umsebenzi omningi ukuthuthukisa izinga lemikhiqizo.Emazweni angaphandle, imikhiqizo ebekwe ngesandla enekhwalithi ephezulu eduze noma efinyelela ku-A-level ingasetshenziswa njengezingxenye zokuhlobisa zangaphakathi nangaphandle zezimoto ezisezingeni eliphezulu.Sithathe ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukile nolwazi oluvela phesheya, senza inani elikhulu lokuhlola okuhlosiwe kanye nentuthuko, futhi sazuza imiphumela ethile mayelana nalokhu.
Okokuqala, ukuhlaziywa kwethiyori kwenziwa ezicini zokusebenza kwenqubo yokubeka izandla nezinto zokusetshenziswa.Umbhali ukholelwa ukuthi izinto eziyinhloko ezithinta ikhwalithi yendawo yomkhiqizo zimi kanje: ① ukucutshungulwa kwenhlaka;② Ukucutshungulwa kwe-gel coat resin;③ Ikhwalithi yendawo yesikhunta.
I-Resin
I-resin yenza cishe ama-55-80% ngesisindo emikhiqizweni ebekwe ngesandla.Izici ezihlukahlukene ze-resin zinquma ngokuqondile ukusebenza komkhiqizo.Izici ezibonakalayo ze-resin enqubweni yokukhiqiza zinquma ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo.Ngakho-ke, lapho ukhetha i-resin, izici ezilandelayo kufanele zibhekwe:
I-viscosity ye-resin ebekwe ngesandla ngokuvamile iphakathi kuka-170 no-117 cps.I-resin inohlu olubanzi lwe-viscosity, oluvumela ukukhetha.Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yomehluko we-viscosity phakathi kwemikhawulo engaphezulu nephansi yomkhiqizo ofanayo we-resin engaba ngu-100cps kuya ku-300cps, kuzoba nezinguquko eziphawulekayo ku-viscosity ebusika nasehlobo.Ngakho-ke, ukuhlolwa kuyadingeka ukuze kuhlolwe futhi kunqunywe inhlaka efanele i-viscosity.Le ndatshana yenze izivivinyo kumareyini amahlanu anama-viscosity ahlukene.Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, ukuqhathanisa okuyinhloko kwenziwa ngesivinini sokufakwa kwe-resin ye-fiberglass, ukusebenza kwe-resin foaming, kanye nokuminyana nokujiya kongqimba lokunamathisela.Ngokuhlolwa, kwatholakala ukuthi lapho i-viscosity ye-resin iyancipha, isivinini sokumilisa se-fiberglass siyashesha, izinga lokukhiqiza liphezulu, i-porosity yomkhiqizo iba mancane, futhi kuba ngcono ukufana kokuqina komkhiqizo.Kodwa-ke, lapho izinga lokushisa liphezulu noma umthamo we-resin uphakeme kancane, kulula ukubangela ukugeleza kweglue (noma ukulawula iglue);Ngokuphambene nalokho, ijubane lokufaka i-fiberglass lihamba kancane, ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kuphansi, i-porosity yomkhiqizo iphezulu, futhi ukufana kokuqina komkhiqizo kubi, kodwa umkhuba wokulawula nokugeleza kweglue kuyancipha.Ngemuva kokuhlolwa okuningi, kwatholakala ukuthi i-resin viscosity ingu-200-320 cps ku-25 ℃, okuyinhlanganisela engcono kakhulu yekhwalithi yendawo, ikhwalithi yangaphakathi, nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza komkhiqizo.Ekukhiqizeni kwangempela, kuvamile ukuhlangana nesimo se-resin viscosity ephezulu.Ngalesi sikhathi, kuyadingeka ukulungisa i-resin viscosity ukuze unciphise uhla lwe-viscosity olufanele ukusebenza.Ngokuvamile kunezindlela ezimbili zokufeza lokhu: ① ukwengeza i-styrene ukuze unciphise inhlaka ukuze kuncishiswe i-viscosity;② Phakamisa izinga lokushisa le-resin kanye nezinga lokushisa lemvelo ukuze unciphise i-viscosity ye-resin.Ukuphakamisa izinga lokushisa le-ambient kanye nezinga lokushisa le-resin kuyindlela ephumelela kakhulu uma izinga lokushisa liphansi.Ngokuvamile, izindlela ezimbili zivame ukusetshenziswa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi i-resin ayiqini ngokushesha.
Isikhathi se-Gelation
Isikhathi sejeli se-polyester resin engagcwalisiwe isikhathi esiningi siyi-6~21 min (25 ℃, 1% MEKP, 0 5% cobalt naphthalate).Ijeli ishesha kakhulu, isikhathi sokusebenza asanele, umkhiqizo uyancipha kakhulu, ukukhululwa kokushisa kugxilile, futhi isikhunta nomkhiqizo kulula ukulimaza.Ijeli iyashesha kakhulu, igeleza kalula, iyashesha ukuphulukiswa, futhi inhlaka kulula ukulimaza isendlalelo sejazi lejeli, kunciphisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza.
Isikhathi se-gelation sihlobene nezinga lokushisa kanye nenani lomqalisi nomgqugquzeli ongeziwe.Uma izinga lokushisa liphezulu, isikhathi se-gelation sizofinyezwa, esinganciphisa inani labaqalisi kanye nama-accelerator angeziwe.Uma ama-initiators amaningi kanye nama-accelerator engezwa ku-resin, umbala we-resin uzoba mnyama ngemva kokuphulukiswa, noma ngenxa yokusabela okusheshayo, i-resin izokhipha ukushisa ngokushesha futhi igxiliswe kakhulu (ikakhulukazi emikhiqizweni eqinile enezindonga), ezoshisa ukushisa. umkhiqizo kanye nesikhunta.Ngakho-ke, ukusebenza kokubeka isandla ngokuvamile kwenziwa endaweni engaphezu kuka-15 ℃.Ngalesi sikhathi, inani le-initiator ne-accelerator alidingi okuningi, futhi ukusabela kwe-resin (ijeli, ukuphulukisa) kuzinzile, ezifanele ukusebenza kokubeka isandla.
Isikhathi se-gelation se-resin sibaluleke kakhulu ekukhiqizeni kwangempela.Ukuhlolwa kwathola ukuthi isikhathi sejeli se-resin singu-25 ℃, 1% MEKP futhi 0 Ngaphansi kwesimo se-cobalt naphthalate engu-5%, imizuzu engu-10-18 iyona engcono kakhulu.Ngisho noma izimo zendawo yokusebenza zishintsha kancane, izidingo zokukhiqiza zingaqinisekiswa ngokulungisa umthamo wabaqalisi kanye nama-accelerator.
Ezinye izici ze-resin
(1) Izinto ezikhipha amagwebu ze-resin
Amandla okukhipha amagwebu e-resin ahlobene ne-viscosity yayo kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-ejenti yokukhipha amagwebu.Lapho i-viscosity ye-resin ihlala njalo, inani le-defoamer elisetshenziswayo linquma ubukhulu bomkhiqizo.Ekukhiqizeni kwangempela, lapho wengeza i-accelerant ne-initiator ku-resin, umoya omningi uzoxutshwa.Uma i-resin inempahla empofu yokukhipha amagwebu, umoya ku-resin ngaphambi kwejeli awukwazi ukukhishwa ngesikhathi, kufanele kube namabhamuza amaningi emkhiqizweni, futhi isilinganiso esingenalutho siphezulu.Ngakho-ke, i-resin enempahla enhle yokukhipha amagwebu kufanele isetshenziswe, enganciphisa ngempumelelo ama-bubbles emkhiqizweni futhi inciphise isilinganiso esingenalutho.
(2) Umbala wenhlaka
Okwamanje, lapho imikhiqizo ye-fiberglass isetshenziswa njengemihlobiso yangaphandle yekhwalithi ephezulu, ngokuvamile idinga ukugcotshwa ngopende osezingeni eliphezulu ngaphezulu ukuze wenze umkhiqizo ube nemibalabala.Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhambisana kombala wepende ebusweni bemikhiqizo ye-fiberglass, kuyadingeka ukuthi ingaphezulu lemikhiqizo ye-fiberglass ibe mhlophe noma nemibala ekhanyayo.Ukuze uhlangabezane nale mfuneko, kufanele kukhethwe inhlaka enombala okhanyayo lapho kukhethwa inhlaka.Ngokuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kwenani elikhulu lama-resin, kwaboniswa ukuthi inani lombala we-resin (APHA) Φ 84 lingaxazulula ngempumelelo inkinga yombala wemikhiqizo ngemva kokwelapha.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukusebenzisa i-resin enombala okhanyayo kwenza kube lula ukubona nokukhipha ama-bubbles kungqimba lokunamathisela ngesikhathi ngesikhathi sokunamathisela;Futhi unciphise ukwenzeka kokuqina komkhiqizo ongalingani okubangelwa amaphutha okusebenza phakathi nenqubo yokunamathisela, okuholela kumbala ongahambisani endaweni engaphakathi yomkhiqizo.
(3) Ukoma komoya
Uma kunomswakama ophezulu noma izinga lokushisa eliphansi, kuvamile ukuthi ingaphakathi lomkhiqizo linamathele ngemva kokuqiniswa.Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi inhlaka engaphezulu kwesendlalelo sokunamathisela ihlangana nomoya-mpilo, umhwamuko wamanzi, namanye ama-polymerization inhibitors emoyeni, okuholela kungqimba olungaphelele oluphulukisiwe lwe-resin endaweni engaphakathi yomkhiqizo.Lokhu kuthinta kakhulu ukuthunyelwa komkhiqizo ngemuva kokucubungula, futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi, indawo yangaphakathi ijwayele ukunamathela uthuli, okuthinta ikhwalithi yendawo yangaphakathi.Ngakho-ke, lapho ukhetha ama-resin, kufanele kuqashelwe ekukhetheni ama-resin anezindawo zokomisa umoya.Kuma-resin angenazo izakhiwo zokomisa umoya, isixazululo esingu-5% upharafini (iphuzu elincibilikayo 46-48 ℃) kanye ne-styrene ngokuvamile kungengezwa ku-resin ngo-18-35 ℃ ukuze kuxazululwe izakhiwo zokumisa umoya ze-resin, ngomthamo cishe 6-8% we-resin.
Gelatin enamathela resin
Ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi engaphezulu yemikhiqizo ye-fiberglass, ungqimba olunothile lwe-resin enemibala ngokuvamile ludingeka phezu komkhiqizo.I-gel coat resin yilolu hlobo lwezinto ezibonakalayo.I-Gelatin coating resin ithuthukisa ukumelana nokuguga kwemikhiqizo ye-fiberglass futhi inikeza indawo elinganayo, ithuthukisa ikhwalithi ephezulu yemikhiqizo.Ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi enhle yendawo yomkhiqizo, ubukhulu bongqimba bokunamathela ngokuvamile budingeka ukuthi bube ngu-0 4-6 mm.Ngaphezu kwalokho, umbala wejazi lejeli kufanele ikakhulukazi ube mhlophe noma ukhanye, futhi akufanele kube khona umehluko wombala phakathi kwamaqoqo.Ukwengeza, ukunakwa kufanele kukhokhwe ekusebenzeni kokusebenza kwejazi lejeli, kufaka phakathi i-viscosity yayo nokulinganisa.I-viscosity efanelekile kakhulu yokufafaza ijeli yi-6000cps.Indlela enembile kakhulu yokulinganisa izinga le-gel enamathelayo iwukufafaza ungqimba lwe-gel enamathela endaweni yendawo yesikhunta esidiliziwe.Uma kukhona ama-fisheye afana nama-shrinkage marks on the layer ye-gel coating, kubonisa ukuthi izinga lokugqoka ijeli alilungile.
Izindlela zokulondoloza isikhunta ezahlukene zimi kanje:
Isikhunta esisha noma isikhunta esingazange sisetshenziswe isikhathi eside:
Ijazi lejeli kufanele lishukunyiswe kahle ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, futhi ngemva kokwengeza uhlelo lwe-trigger, kufanele lisheshe futhi lixutshwe ngokulinganayo ukuze kuzuzwe umphumela wokusetshenziswa ongcono kakhulu.Uma ufutha, uma i-viscosity itholakala iphezulu kakhulu, inani elifanele le-styrene lingangezwa ukuze lihlanjululwe;Uma incane kakhulu, fafaza ibe mncane futhi izikhathi ezimbalwa ngaphezulu.Ngaphezu kwalokho, inqubo yokufafaza idinga ukuthi isibhamu sesifutho sibe kude no-2cm ukusuka ebusweni besikhunta, sibe nomfutho womoya ocindezelwe ofanele, indawo ye-spray gun fan perpendicular to the direction of the gun, kanye ne-spray gun fan fan edlulanayo. ngo-1/3.Lokhu akukwazi nje ukuxazulula iziphambeko zenqubo yejazi lejeli ngokwayo, kodwa futhi kuqinisekise ukuhambisana kwekhwalithi yesendlalelo sejazi lejeli lomkhiqizo.
Umthelela wesikhunta kwikhwalithi ephezulu yemikhiqizo
Isikhunta siwumshini oyinhloko wokwenza imikhiqizo ye-fiberglass, futhi isikhunta singahlukaniswa sibe izinhlobo ezifana nensimbi, i-aluminium, usimende, irabha, ipharafini, i-fiberglass, njll ngokusho kwezinto zabo.Isikhunta se-fiberglass sesiphenduke isikhunta esisetshenziswa kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwesandla se-fiberglass ngenxa yokubunjwa kalula, ukutholakala kwezinto ezingavuthiwe, izindleko eziphansi, umjikelezo omfushane wokukhiqiza, kanye nokugcinwa kalula.
Izidingo ezingaphezulu zokubunjwa kwe-fiberglass nezinye isikhunta sepulasitiki ziyefana, ngokuvamile ingaphezulu lesikhunta liphakeme izinga elilodwa kunobushelelezi bomhlaba bomkhiqizo.Ingaphezulu lesikhunta lingcono, isikhathi sokubumba kanye nesikhathi sokucubungula somkhiqizo siba mfishane, ikhwalithi ephezulu yomkhiqizo iba ngcono, nempilo yesevisi yesikhunta iba yinde.Ngemuva kokuthi isikhunta silethwe ukuze sisetshenziswe, kuyadingeka ukugcina izinga eliphezulu lesikhunta.Ukugcinwa kwesikhunta kuhlanganisa ukuhlanza ubuso besikhunta, ukuhlanza isikhunta, ukulungisa izindawo ezilimele, nokupholisha isikhunta.Ukugcinwa ngesikhathi nangempumelelo kwesikhunta kuyisiqalo sokugcina sokugcina isikhunta, futhi indlela efanele yokunakekela isikhunta ibalulekile.Ithebula elilandelayo libonisa izindlela zokunakekela ezihlukene kanye nemiphumela yokulungisa ehambisanayo.
Okokuqala, hlanza futhi uhlole ingaphezulu lesikhunta, futhi wenze ukulungiswa okudingekayo ezindaweni lapho isikhunta sonakalisiwe noma singenangqondo ngokwesakhiwo.Okulandelayo, hlanza ubuso besikhunta nge-solvent, uyomise, bese upholisha ubuso besikhunta ngomshini wokupholisha kanye nokunamathisela kokupholisha kanye noma kabili.Qedela ukukhanjiswa nokupholisha izikhathi ezintathu zilandelana, bese ugcoba i-waxing futhi, bese upholisha futhi ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa.
Isikhunta siyasetshenziswa
Okokuqala, qiniseka ukuthi isikhunta sifakwe wax futhi sicwebezeliswe njalo kathathu.Ezingxenyeni ezivame ukulimala futhi okunzima ukuzidiliza, ukugcotshwa kwe-wax nokupholisha kufanele kwenziwe ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa ngakunye.Okwesibili, ungqimba lwezinto zangaphandle (mhlawumbe i-polystyrene noma i-wax) engase ivele ebusweni besikhunta esisetshenziswe isikhathi eside, kufanele ihlanzwe ngesikhathi esifanele.Indlela yokuhlanza iwukusebenzisa indwangu kakotini ecwiliswe ku-acetone noma isicoci sesikhunta esikhethekile ukuze ukhuhle (ingxenye ewugqinsi ingasulwa kahle ngethuluzi), futhi ingxenye ehlanziwe kufanele idilizwe ngokuvumelana nesikhunta esisha.
Ukuze uthole isikhunta esonakele esingenakulungiseka ngesikhathi esifanele, izinto ezinjengama-wax blocks ezijwayele ukuguqulwa futhi azithinti ukuphulukiswa kwejazi le-gel zingasetshenziswa ukugcwalisa nokuvikela indawo eyonakele yesikhunta ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nokusebenzisa.Kulezo ezingalungiswa ngesikhathi esifanele, indawo eyonakele kufanele ilungiswe kuqala.Ngemuva kokulungiswa, abantu abangekho ngaphansi kuka-4 (ku-25 ℃) kumele belashwe.Indawo elungisiwe kumele iphuculwe futhi idilizwe ngaphambi kokuthi isetshenziswe.Ukugcinwa okuvamile nokulungile kwendawo yokubumba kunquma impilo yesevisi yesikhunta, ukuzinza kwekhwalithi yendawo yomkhiqizo, nokuzinza kokukhiqiza.Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuba nomkhuba omuhle wokugcinwa kwesikhunta.Kafushane, ngokwenza ngcono izinto zokwakha kanye nezinqubo kanye nokuthuthukisa izinga eliphezulu lesikhunta, izinga eliphezulu lemikhiqizo ebekwe ngesandla lizothuthukiswa kakhulu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-24-2024
