Izithiyo zamagama, izibonelo zezindlela zokukhetha izibopheli
Unganquma kanjani kahle uhlobo "olulungile" lwe-fastener yezingxenye noma izingxenye ezibandakanya izinto eziyinhlanganisela nepulasitiki?Ukuze uchaze ukuthi yiziphi izinto zokwakha nemiqondo esebenzayo ezinhlotsheni zokubopha, kuyadingeka ukuqonda izinto ezihilelekile, inqubo yazo yokwenza, kanye nemisebenzi yokuxhumana edingekayo noma yokuhlanganisa.
Ukuthatha iphaneli yangaphakathi yendiza njengesibonelo.Ukuyichaza kalula nje "njengezinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-aerospace" kwenza kube lula ngokweqile okucebile okutholakalayo okutholakalayo kanye nezinqubo.Ngokufanayo, igama elithi "izibophelelo zezindiza" alinakho ukucaciswa mayelana nezinto ezifanele kakhulu zokubopha nokusebenza kwazo.Izinto zokubopha, ezifana nezigxivizo zokufaka, ama-rivet studs, izinto zokubopha eziboshwe phezulu, nezixhumi ezishiselwe, zingafaneleka zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-aerospace, kodwa kunomehluko obalulekile wezinto ezisetshenziswayo nemisebenzi ezingaqiniswa ngazo.
Inkinga yokusesha emhlabeni we-fastener indlela yokuhlukanisa imikhiqizo yokubopha, ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa amagama ahlobene ngokuqondile nezibophelelo kunezinto ezizifanele kakhulu.Kodwa-ke, amatemu athile wezinto ezihlanganisiwe avame ukuba nokuhambisana okulinganiselwe lapho uphequlula izigaba zokubopha.Isibonelo, ngaphandle kokuqonda okuningiliziwe kwe-surface bonding noma i-welding ye-ultrasonic ekufakweni kwe-fastener, wazi kanjani ukuthi i-surface bonding noma izinsimbi ze-welding ze-ultrasonic ziyizinketho ezifanele zokubopha izinto ezishisayo ezakhiwe laminated?Uma umhlaba wakho umayelana nezakhiwo ze-polymer matrix, izakhiwo eziqiniswe ngefayibha, nemingcele yokucubungula, ungasesha futhi ukhethe kanjani emhlabeni odingida amasu okuhlanganisa, ukuqinisa izikhombisi-ndlela, ukuqinisa okulindelekile kwetorque, kanye nokulayishwa kuqala okuqondiwe?
Ukuxhumana nabahlinzeki bezinto zokubopha noma abasabalalisi ukuze uthole iseluleko nesiqondiso ngokuvamile kuyisinyathelo sokuqala esiphumelelayo nesiphumelelayo;Kodwa-ke, ngokwethula uhlelo lokusebenza ngendlela evumela ukusesha okulula nokusheshayo kwezinketho ezifanele, ukwenza lula okwengeziwe kungafinyelelwa.Lapha, sithatha iphaneli yangaphakathi yendiza ye-thermoplastic njengesibonelo ukuze sibonise izici ezibalulekile zale ndlela yokuthuthukisa ukukhetha kokubopha.
Izidingo zokuqinisa
Okokuqala, ukuchaza izidingo zokubopha kuyasiza.Ingabe ufuna ukwakha indawo yokuqiniswa yezinto eziyinhlanganisela noma izingxenye zepulasitiki ukuze ulungiselele ukusebenza komhlangano olandelayo?Noma, ingabe ufuna ukulungisa ngokuqondile ingxenye ezintweni eziyinhlanganisela noma izingxenye zepulasitiki noma uzilungise kuzo?
Isibonelo sethu, imfuneko iwukwenza amaphuzu okuqinisa - ikakhulukazi ukuhlinzeka ngamaphoyinti okuxhumana anentambo kumaphaneli ayinhlanganisela.Ngakho-ke, sizoshintshela kubuchwepheshe obuhlinzeka ngezindlela zokufaka nokubopha izindawo zokuxhuma, kunobuchwepheshe obusetshenziselwa ukulungisa izingxenye ndawonye.Kulula ukuhlukanisa amasu okubopha usebenzisa la magama, futhi amagama alula, ngakho wonke umuntu angaxhumana ngolimi olufanayo.
Umqondo wezinto ezibonakalayo
Izinto ezihlobene nezinto ezihilelekile zingase zibe nomthelela ekusetshenzisweni kwezinhlobo zokubopha, kodwa ukuhlobana kwalezi zici ngokuvamile kuncike ohlotsheni lwesixhumi esicatshangelwayo.Ukuze siphule lo mjikelezo futhi sigweme inkhulumomphendvulwano enemininingwane eyengeziwe ngesikhathi senqubo yokuhlunga kwasekuqaleni, singachaza izinto eziyinhlanganisela nezinto zepulasitiki njenge:
Ayikho i-polymer eqinisiwe.
I-Discontinuous fiber reinforced polymer materials.
I-fiber eqhubekayo eqiniswe i-polymer laminates.
Izinto zesandwich.
Izinto ezingezona ezilukiwe kanye nefiber.
Esibonelweni sethu, impahla yephaneli yangaphakathi yendiza iyi-polymer eqiniswe nge-fiber eqhubekayo esakhiweni se-laminated.Ngokuchaza imiqondo yezinto ezibonakalayo ngale ndlela elula, singagxila ngokushesha ochungechungeni lokucatshangelwa kwempahla ehlobene:
Ama-fasteners azohlanganiswa kanjani ochungechungeni lwenqubo yokukhiqiza?
Izinto zokwakha zikuthinta kanjani ukuhlanganiswa kokubopha noma ukufakwa?
Isibonelo, ukuhlanganisa izinto zokubopha zibe izinto eziqinisayo eziqhubekayo ngaphambi noma phakathi nokwakheka okushisayo kungase kubangele inkimbinkimbi yenqubo engadingeki, njengokusika noma ukuguqula imicu, okungase kube nomthelela ongemuhle ezicini zokuwumshini.Ngamanye amazwi, ukuqinisa i-fiber okuqhubekayo kungase kubangele izinselele ekuhlanganisweni kwezibophelelo ezicutshungulwe ngokuhlanganyela, futhi abantu bangase bafune ukugwema izinselele ezinjalo.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kudinga kuphela ukuqonda okuyisisekelo kobuchwepheshe bokubopha ukuze kunqunywe ukuthi ukusebenzisa ukufakwa kwenqubo ye-co noma ukufakwa kwenqubo yokuthunyelwe.Ngokwenza izinto zibe lula kanye namagama asetshenziswayo, kuyenzeka ukuthi ubone ngokushesha futhi kalula ukuthi yimaphi afanayo futhi angahambisani.Esibonelweni sethu, ukukhethwa kwezixhumi kufanele kugxile kumasu okucubungula ngemva kokucubungula, ngaphandle uma sifisa ukuhlanganisa izixhumi zibe izinto eziqiniswe ngefayibha eziqhubekayo/izinqubo zokukhiqiza.
Izidingo ezinemininingwane
Kuleli qophelo, ukuze sinqume amasu okubopha afanele, sidinga ukuchaza imininingwane eyengeziwe mayelana nesu lokubopha, izinto ezihilelekile, kanye nenqubo yokwenza.Ngesibonelo sethu sama-laminates aqiniswe nge-fiber eqhubekayo, sizochaza isicelo ngale ndlela elandelayo:
Isicelo esijwayelekile amaphaneli aseceleni angaphakathi endiza.
Isu lokubopha ukunikeza ibhawudi elinamakhanda akabili ngemuva kwephaneli (elingabonakali) lokuxhuma indawo yewindi le-polymer nenadi.
Imfuneko yokubopha indawo yokuxhuma eyimpumputhe, engabonakali yangaphandle - impumputhe isho ukufakwa/ukubopha ukusuka ohlangothini olulodwa lwengxenye - ekwazi ukumelana namandla okudonsa cishe ama-Newtons angama-500.
Iphaneli iyi-fiber eqhubekayo eqiniswe nge-thermoplastic impahla, futhi ukufakwa kwezinsimbi kufanele kwenziwe ngemuva kwenqubo yokubumba ukugwema ukulimaza isakhiwo esiqinisiwe.
Hlela ngokuqhubekayo izici bese ukhetha phansi
Uma sibheka isibonelo sethu, singaqala ukubona ukuthi izici eziningi zingathonya esinqumweni sethu sokuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwesixhumi esizosisebenzisa.Umbuzo uwukuthi, yiziphi kulezi zici ezibaluleke kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma izindleko ze-fastener kungeyona into enqumayo kuphela?Esibonelweni sethu, sizonciphisa uhla lokukhetha ukuze sibe izinsimbi eziboshiwe ezingaphezulu noma izinsimbi ezishiselwe ama-ultrasonic.
Lapha, ngisho nolwazi olulula lwesicelo lungaba usizo.Isibonelo, ukwazi ukuthi sisebenzisa izinto ze-thermoplastic kusisiza ukuthi sibeke okulindelwe ukusebenza okufanelekile.Uma kucatshangelwa ukutholakala kwezinto ezinamathelayo ezichwepheshile kanye nobuchwepheshe bokwelapha okungaphezulu, singalindela ukusebenza kwemishini kobubili ubuchwepheshe ukuthi kufinyelele ezingeni elifanelekile.
Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthi siyazi ukuthi uhlelo lokusebenza lusendaweni yasemkhathini, uxhumo lwemishini olukhiyayo lunganikeza iziqinisekiso zokusebenza ezilula nezindlela zesitifiketi.I-Adhesive ithatha isikhathi ukwelapha, kuyilapho ukufakwa kwe-ultrasonic kungalayisha ngokushesha, ngakho-ke kufanele sicabangele umthelela wesikhathi senqubo.Imikhawulo yokufinyelela ingase futhi ibe isici esibalulekile.Nakuba amaphaneli angaphakathi evame ukuhlinzekwa kalula ukufakwa kwe-fastener nge-adhesive adhesive applicators noma imishini ye-ultrasonic, kufanele ihlolwe ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokukhethwa kokugcina.
Yenza isinqumo sokugcina
Akunakwenzeka ukwenza izinqumo ngokusekelwe ekuhlonzweni kwendlela yokuxhuma kanye nesikhathi esinqunyiwe;Isinqumo sokugcina sizoncika ekucatshangelweni kokutshalwa kwezimali kwemishini, ukusebenza kwemishini nokuqina, umthelela wesikhathi senqubo iyonke, imikhawulo yokufinyelela, namasu okugunyaza noma okunikeza isitifiketi.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuklama, ukukhiqiza, kanye nokusebenza kokuhlanganisa kungase kuhilele ababambiqhaza abahlukene, ngakho isinqumo sokugcina sidinga ukuhlanganyela kwabo.Ukwengeza, ukwenza lesi sinqumo kudinga ukucabangela sonke isiphakamiso senani, okuhlanganisa ukukhiqiza kanye nenani eliphelele lobunikazi (i-TCO - izindleko eziphelele zobunikazi).Ngokuthatha umbono ophelele wezindaba eziqinisayo nokucabangela zonke izici ezifanele phakathi nesigaba sokuqala sokuklama, inqubo yokukhiqiza, kanye nokusebenza komhlangano wokugcina, ukukhiqiza kanye ne-TCO kungabalwa futhi kube nomthelela omuhle.Lena ngeminye yezimiso ezibalulekile zengosi yemfundo yochwepheshe benhlangano ye-Bossard, okuhloswe ngayo ukusiza abantu ngabanye ukuthi bathole ulwazi lobuchwepheshe bomhlangano.
Ekugcineni, isinqumo sokuthi yiliphi isu lokuqinisa noma umkhiqizo ozosetshenziswa sincike ezintweni eziningi - akukho usayizi owodwa olingana naso sonke isisombululo, futhi kunezinketho eziningi ezahlukene okufanele zicatshangelwe.Nokho, njengoba sichazile ngenhla, ngisho nokuchaza imininingwane yesicelo ngendlela elula kungenza inqubo yokukhetha ibe lula, kugqamise izici ezifanele zokwenza izinqumo, futhi kuhlonze izindawo ezingase zidinge imibono yabathintekayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-06-2024
